Bridge Results

Return to calendar page

Register on BridgeResults.net to be notified when results are posted!

Esplanade Bridge Center Solana Beach
1:00 ♦ Open Prs - CLUB APPRECIATION - Revised on 18-Oct-12
Sunday, October 14, 2012

Photo Gallery of Winners | ACBLmerge | ACBLscore | GIB | PBN | Legacy Display

Event: Sunday Afternoon Pairs	Session: Sunday Aft	Movement: MITCHELL
Date: October 14, 2012	Rating: Club Appreciation game	Section: A
Club No: 258277	Club: Esplanade Bridge Club	Dir: Donna Wood
MP Limits:	Average: 84	Top: 6

Field strength: Mean: 985 MP
Geomean: 495 MP
(based on 32 players)

Both Directions Grouped - Pairs in strats: A=16 / B=10 / C=7

Split by Direction

Overall

Section

A

B

C

A

B

C

N-S

1

A

1

1

110.00

3.00

N-S

8

C

2

1

1

2

1

1

106.00

2.25

Lawrence Sherman

E-W

3

B

3

2

1

1

102.50

1.69

John Sharron Jr

E-W

1

A

4

2

101.00

1.27

E-W

4

A

5

3

93.50

0.95

N-S

7

A

-

3

88.00

0.75

N-S

5

B

-

3

-

2

85.50

1.05

Raymond Gogolewski

E-W

6

C

-

4

2

-

2

1

81.50

1.14

E-W

5

C

-

-

3

-

-

2

81.00

0.86

N-S

6

C

-

-

-

-

-

-

78.00

Dianne Sullivan

Valerie McWhorter

N-S

2

B

-

-

-

-

75.50

Luther Dearborn

E-W

8

C

-

-

-

-

-

-

74.50

Marilyn Kalabsa

E-W

2

A

-

-

73.50

N-S

4

A

-

-

65.50

Lawrence Erickson

E-W

7

C

-

-

-

-

-

-

64.50

Paula Alexander

N-S

3

C

-

-

-

-

-

-

63.50

16 pairs - Pairs in strats: A=16 / B=10 / C=7
Click on a result to see the recap for this pair.

You can move from board to board by using the arrow keys on your keyboard.
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32

1

♠T975
♥AJ2
♦AKT86
♣J

Dlr: North
Vul: None

♠KJ2
♥Q964
♦72
♣T986

♠843
♥T875
♦Q93
♣AQ7

♠AQ6
♥K3
♦J54
♣K5432

	13
6		8
	13

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	8	10	7	9	9
South	8	10	7	10	9
East	5	3	6	3	4
West	5	3	6	3	4

LoTT: 16 - 16 = 0
Par: 420 4S-S

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
400		3.50	2.50	3N	S		-	1-Howard-Roberts	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
400		3.50	2.50	3N	S		-	8-Litman-Smith	7-Erickson-Kucha
400		3.50	2.50	3N	N		-	7-Cleary-Cleary	5-Jirgel-Martin
400		3.50	2.50	3N	S		-	5-Fenton-Kroener	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
400		3.50	2.50	3N	S		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
400		3.50	2.50	3N	S		-	3-Petering-Alexander	4-Gugick-Wood
	50	0.00	6.00	3N	N	-1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

2

♠Q853
♥AT94
♦982
♣T8

Dlr: East
Vul: N-S

♠AT4
♥QJ72
♦KT4
♣K62

♠K
♥K86
♦AQ76
♣AQ943

♠J9762
♥53
♦J53
♣J75

	6
13		18
	3

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	1	1	2	5	1
South	1	1	2	5	1
East	12	12	11	8	12
West	12	12	11	8	12

LoTT: 17 - 17 = 0
Par: -990 6N-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	1-Howard-Roberts	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	8-Litman-Smith	7-Erickson-Kucha
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	5-Jirgel-Martin
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	6-Kell-Goss	3-Sherman-Wood
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	490	3.50	2.50	3N	W	+3	-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	990	0.00	6.00	6N	W		-	3-Petering-Alexander	4-Gugick-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

3

♠KQ632
♥Q7
♦Q82
♣T32

Dlr: South
Vul: E-W

♠87
♥T432
♦KT76
♣K84

♠AJ5
♥J9
♦A43
♣AJ975

♠T94
♥AK865
♦J95
♣Q6

	9
6		15
	10

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	4	4	6	7	4
South	4	4	6	7	4
East	9	9	7	6	9
West	9	9	7	6	9

LoTT: 16 - 16 = 0
Par: -500 4S*-NS-3

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
200		6.00	0.00	4♦	W	-2	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
110		5.00	1.00	2♥	S		+2	8-Litman-Smith	7-Erickson-Kucha
	50	3.50	2.50	1♥	S	-1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	5-Jirgel-Martin
	50	3.50	2.50	1♠	N	-1	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	90	2.00	4.00	1N	E		+2	3-Petering-Alexander	4-Gugick-Wood
	120	1.00	5.00	1N	E	+1	+1	6-Kell-Goss	3-Sherman-Wood
	150	0.00	6.00	1N	W	+2	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	8-Dearborn-Dearborn

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

4

♠AJT2
♥J962
♦6
♣KT63

Dlr: West
Vul: Both

♠K9
♥AQT743
♦T
♣9875

♠Q76
♥K8
♦J5432
♣A42

♠8543
♥5
♦AKQ987
♣QJ

	9
9		10
	12

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	9	5	10	8
South	6	9	5	10	8
East	6	4	7	3	5
West	6	4	7	3	5

LoTT: 17 - 16 = 1
Par: 620 4S-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
170		5.50	0.50	2♠	S	+2	-	8-Litman-Smith	7-Erickson-Kucha
170		5.50	0.50	2♠	N	+2	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		4.00	2.00	3♦	S		-	1-Howard-Roberts	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
100		3.00	3.00	3♥	W	-1	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	100	1.50	4.50	3♦	S	-1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	1.50	4.50	3♦	S	-1	-1	5-Fenton-Kroener	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	110	0.00	6.00	2♥	W		-1	3-Petering-Alexander	4-Gugick-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

5

♠AKQ73
♥KT8
♦8654
♣5

Dlr: North
Vul: N-S

♠9
♥75432
♦973
♣KQJ7

♠JT42
♥Q6
♦AT
♣98643

♠865
♥AJ9
♦KQJ2
♣AT2

	12
6		7
	15

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	11	9	11	8
South	6	11	9	11	8
East	6	1	4	2	3
West	6	1	4	2	3

LoTT: 17 - 17 = 0
Par: 650 5S-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
650		5.00	1.00	4♠	N	+1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	4-Gugick-Wood
650		5.00	1.00	4♠	N	+1	-	6-Kell-Goss	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
650		5.00	1.00	4♠	N	+1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	7-Erickson-Kucha
	100	2.00	4.00	6♠	N	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	100	2.00	4.00	6♠	N	-1	-	1-Howard-Roberts	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	100	2.00	4.00	3N	S	-1	-	8-Litman-Smith	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	200	0.00	6.00	6♠	N	-2	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	5-Jirgel-Martin

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

6

♠QJT5432
♥AK
♦K873
♣-

Dlr: East
Vul: E-W

♠A98
♥J3
♦AQ96
♣AQ95

♠K7
♥Q98762
♦T4
♣764

♠6
♥T54
♦J52
♣KJT832

	13
17		5
	5

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	7	4	8	3
South	6	8	4	8	3
East	7	5	9	5	6
West	7	5	9	5	6

LoTT: 17 - 16 = 1
Par: -100 3S*-NS-1/3D*-S-1

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
530		6.00	0.00	3♠*	N		+1	6-Kell-Goss	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
140		5.00	1.00	2♠	N	+1	+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
110		3.50	2.50	2♠	N		-	1-Howard-Roberts	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
110		3.50	2.50	2♠	N		-	5-Fenton-Kroener	7-Erickson-Kucha
	50	2.00	4.00	2♣	N	-1	+1	8-Litman-Smith	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	100	0.50	5.50	4♠*	N	-1	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	4-Gugick-Wood
	100	0.50	5.50	4♠*	N	-1	+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	5-Jirgel-Martin

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

7

♠74
♥T84
♦KQJ2
♣KJ54

Dlr: South
Vul: Both

♠Q
♥KQJ62
♦T985
♣T92

♠KJT9
♥95
♦A643
♣A73

♠A86532
♥A73
♦7
♣Q86

	10
8		12
	10

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	7	5	6	7	7
South	7	5	6	7	7
East	6	7	7	6	6
West	6	7	7	6	6

LoTT: 14 - 16 = -2
Par: 90 1N-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
300		5.50	0.50	3♦	E	-3	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	4-Gugick-Wood
300		5.50	0.50	3♦	E	-3	+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		4.00	2.00	1♠	S	+1	+1	8-Litman-Smith	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	90	2.50	3.50	1N	E		-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	90	2.50	3.50	1N	E		-1	6-Kell-Goss	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	100	1.00	5.00	2♠	S	-1	-	1-Howard-Roberts	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	110	0.00	6.00	2♥	W		-1	5-Fenton-Kroener	7-Erickson-Kucha

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

8

♠QJ97
♥J92
♦982
♣AKT

Dlr: West
Vul: None

♠86543
♥A864
♦JT5
♣5

♠AK
♥3
♦K763
♣987632

♠T2
♥KQT75
♦AQ4
♣QJ4

	11
5		10
	14

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	5	8	7	9
South	6	5	8	7	9
East	7	5	4	5	4
West	7	5	4	5	4

LoTT: 15 - 15 = 0
Par: 400 3N-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
420		6.00	0.00	4♥	S		+2	1-Howard-Roberts	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
140		3.50	2.50	3♥	S		+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
140		3.50	2.50	3♥	S		+1	8-Litman-Smith	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
140		3.50	2.50	2♥	S	+1	+1	6-Kell-Goss	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
140		3.50	2.50	3♥	S		+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	5-Jirgel-Martin
100		1.00	5.00	3♦	W	-2	-2	5-Fenton-Kroener	7-Erickson-Kucha
	50	0.00	6.00	4♥	S	-1	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	4-Gugick-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

9

♠AK96
♥AT3
♦K9
♣KJ82

Dlr: North
Vul: E-W

♠T
♥KQ52
♦QJ8732
♣53

♠QJ542
♥4
♦A65
♣A974

♠873
♥J9876
♦T4
♣QT6

	18
8		11
	3

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	7	3	7	7	7
South	7	3	7	7	5
East	6	9	5	5	6
West	6	9	5	5	6

LoTT: 16 - 17 = -1
Par: -110 3D-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
150		6.00	0.00	2N	N	+1	+2	5-Fenton-Kroener	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
100		5.00	1.00	4♦	W	-1	-	6-Kell-Goss	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	50	4.00	2.00	3♥	N	-1	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	7-Erickson-Kucha
	110	3.00	3.00	3♦	W		-	3-Petering-Alexander	3-Sherman-Wood
	130	1.00	5.00	3♦	W	+1	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	130	1.00	5.00	2♦	W	+2	-1	8-Litman-Smith	5-Jirgel-Martin
	130	1.00	5.00	3♦	W	+1	-1	7-Cleary-Cleary	2-Joerger-Kalabsa

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

10

♠J5
♥T653
♦862
♣8632

Dlr: East
Vul: Both

♠9863
♥Q
♦JT953
♣AKJ

♠QT7
♥8742
♦AQ74
♣Q7

♠AK42
♥AKJ9
♦K
♣T954

	1
11		10
	18

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	8	3	7	5	5
South	8	3	7	5	5
East	5	9	5	8	7
West	5	9	5	8	7

LoTT: 17 - 17 = 0
Par: -110 2S-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
140		6.00	0.00	3♥	N		+2	8-Litman-Smith	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		5.00	1.00	1♣	S	+2	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
100		4.00	2.00	3♦	W	-1	+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	110	3.00	3.00	2♦	W	+1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	130	2.00	4.00	2♦	W	+2	-1	3-Petering-Alexander	3-Sherman-Wood
	200	1.00	5.00	3♥	N	-2	-	1-Howard-Roberts	7-Erickson-Kucha
	300	0.00	6.00	2N	S	-3	-	6-Kell-Goss	8-Dearborn-Dearborn

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

11

♠AK
♥K9843
♦96
♣Q943

Dlr: South
Vul: None

♠9764
♥AQ7
♦AJ83
♣K6

♠T82
♥5
♦KT754
♣JT52

♠QJ53
♥JT62
♦Q2
♣A87

	12
14		4
	10

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	4	8	6	6
South	6	4	8	6	6
East	6	9	4	6	6
West	6	9	4	6	7

LoTT: 17 - 18 = -1
Par: -100 3H*-NS-1

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
170		6.00	0.00	3♥	N	+1	+2	1-Howard-Roberts	7-Erickson-Kucha
140		5.00	1.00	3♥	N		+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
110		4.00	2.00	2♥	N		-	8-Litman-Smith	5-Jirgel-Martin
	50	3.00	3.00	3♥	N	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-	3-Petering-Alexander	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-	6-Kell-Goss	8-Dearborn-Dearborn

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

12

♠K7632
♥KJ86
♦4
♣K74

Dlr: West
Vul: N-S

♠A4
♥T93
♦QT8753
♣T6

♠-
♥Q74
♦KJ96
♣Q98532

♠QJT985
♥A52
♦A2
♣AJ

	10
6		8
	16

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	5	11	12	7
South	6	5	11	12	7
East	6	8	2	1	2
West	6	8	2	1	2

LoTT: 20 - 21 = -1
Par: 1100 7D*-EW-5

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
680		4.00	2.00	5♠	S	+1	-	3-Petering-Alexander	3-Sherman-Wood
680		4.00	2.00	4♠	S	+2	-	1-Howard-Roberts	7-Erickson-Kucha
680		4.00	2.00	4♠	S	+2	-	8-Litman-Smith	5-Jirgel-Martin
680		4.00	2.00	5♠	S	+1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
680		4.00	2.00	5♠	S	+1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
650		1.00	5.00	4♠	S	+1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	100	0.00	6.00	6♠	N	-1	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

13

♠54
♥T6532
♦AT32
♣96

Dlr: North
Vul: Both

♠JT83
♥QJ87
♦KJ64
♣7

♠A96
♥K94
♦8
♣KQJT52

♠KQ72
♥A
♦Q975
♣A843

	4
8		13
	15

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	4	8	6	6	5
South	4	9	6	6	5
East	6	4	7	7	7
West	6	4	6	6	6

LoTT: 16 - 15 = 1
Par: 110 3D-S

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
300		6.00	0.00	2♣	E	-3	+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
100		4.50	1.50	2♥	W	-1	-1	3-Petering-Alexander	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
100		4.50	1.50	3♣	E	-1	-2	6-Kell-Goss	7-Erickson-Kucha
	90	3.00	3.00	2♣	E		-2	8-Litman-Smith	3-Sherman-Wood
	120	2.00	4.00	2N	W		-2	1-Howard-Roberts	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	200	1.00	5.00	2N	S	-2	+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	4-Gugick-Wood
	300	0.00	6.00	2♦	S	-3	-4	7-Cleary-Cleary	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

14

♠5
♥AJ9863
♦T975
♣98

Dlr: East
Vul: None

♠K63
♥T72
♦AKJ4
♣AQ5

♠QJT984
♥54
♦83
♣764

♠A72
♥KQ
♦Q62
♣KJT32

	5
17		3
	15

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	7	8	3	7
South	7	8	8	3	7
East	6	5	5	10	6
West	6	5	5	10	6

LoTT: 18 - 17 = 1
Par: -420 4S-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
140		5.50	0.50	2♥	S	+1	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
140		5.50	0.50	3♥	S		+1	6-Kell-Goss	7-Erickson-Kucha
	50	4.00	2.00	3♥	S	-1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	100	3.00	3.00	4♥*	S	-1	+1	3-Petering-Alexander	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	150	2.00	4.00	5♥	S	-3	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	420	0.50	5.50	4♠	E		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	4-Gugick-Wood
	420	0.50	5.50	4♠	E		-	8-Litman-Smith	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

15

♠9763
♥T93
♦Q8
♣AK85

Dlr: South
Vul: N-S

♠AJT8
♥J72
♦J976
♣J7

♠K2
♥AQ8
♦AK4
♣Q6432

♠Q54
♥K654
♦T532
♣T9

	9
8		18
	5

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	4	3	4	3	3
South	3	3	4	3	3
East	9	10	9	10	10
West	9	10	9	10	10

LoTT: 14 - 14 = 0
Par: -430 4N-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
100		6.00	0.00	3N	E	-2	+3	8-Litman-Smith	3-Sherman-Wood
	150	5.00	1.00	1N	E	+2	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	400	2.50	3.50	3N	E		+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	4-Gugick-Wood
	400	2.50	3.50	3N	E		+1	3-Petering-Alexander	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	400	2.50	3.50	3N	E		+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	400	2.50	3.50	3N	E		+1	6-Kell-Goss	7-Erickson-Kucha
	430	0.00	6.00	3N	E	+1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

16

♠7
♥J62
♦AKQJ9
♣QJ84

Dlr: West
Vul: E-W

♠T32
♥QT4
♦843
♣T976

♠J64
♥93
♦T652
♣A532

♠AKQ985
♥AK875
♦7
♣K

	14
2		5
	19

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	11	12	11	12	12
South	11	12	11	12	12
East	2	0	1	0	0
West	2	0	1	0	0

LoTT: 13 - 16 = -3
Par: 990 6N-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
1020		6.00	0.00	6N	N	+1	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
990		3.50	2.50	6N	N		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	4-Gugick-Wood
990		3.50	2.50	6N	S		-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
990		3.50	2.50	6N	N		-	7-Cleary-Cleary	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
990		3.50	2.50	6N	N		-	6-Kell-Goss	7-Erickson-Kucha
480		1.00	5.00	4♠	S	+2	-	3-Petering-Alexander	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	50	0.00	6.00	6♥	S	-1	-	8-Litman-Smith	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

17

♠AQT
♥AT32
♦875
♣AQ9

Dlr: North
Vul: None

♠42
♥J974
♦J942
♣JT4

♠9873
♥K
♦AQ6
♣K8763

♠KJ65
♥Q865
♦KT3
♣52

	16
3		12
	9

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	7	8	9	9	9
South	7	7	9	9	9
East	5	5	3	4	4
West	6	5	4	4	4

LoTT: 15 - 16 = -1
Par: 400 3N-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
400		6.00	0.00	3N	N		-	8-Litman-Smith	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
170		5.00	1.00	3♥	N	+1	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	50	3.50	2.50	4♥	N	-1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	5-Jirgel-Martin
	50	3.50	2.50	4♥	N	-1	-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-1	3-Petering-Alexander	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	7-Erickson-Kucha
	100	1.00	5.00	4♥	N	-2	-1	1-Howard-Roberts	4-Gugick-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

18

♠63
♥T932
♦AJT63
♣A5

Dlr: East
Vul: N-S

♠KQJ97
♥Q87
♦42
♣982

♠T82
♥K6
♦KQ5
♣QJT76

♠A54
♥AJ54
♦987
♣K43

	9
8		11
	12

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	5	9	9	6	7
South	5	9	9	6	7
East	7	4	4	7	6
West	7	4	4	7	6

LoTT: 16 - 16 = 0
Par: 140 3H-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
670		6.00	0.00	3♦*	N		-	1-Howard-Roberts	4-Gugick-Wood
150		5.00	1.00	4♠	W	-3	-	8-Litman-Smith	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
110		4.00	2.00	2♥	N		-1	7-Cleary-Cleary	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
100		3.00	3.00	3♠	W	-2	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	7-Erickson-Kucha
Pass		1.50	4.50	Pass Out			-	5-Fenton-Kroener	5-Jirgel-Martin
Pass		1.50	4.50	Pass Out			-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	0.00	6.00	4♥	S	-1	-	3-Petering-Alexander	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

19

♠J9854
♥K975
♦T3
♣94

Dlr: South
Vul: E-W

♠2
♥AQ43
♦Q874
♣QT65

♠KQ73
♥JT
♦A62
♣J732

♠AT6
♥862
♦KJ95
♣AK8

	4
10		11
	15

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	5	7	7	8	6
South	5	7	7	8	6
East	8	6	6	4	6
West	7	6	5	4	6

LoTT: 16 - 16 = 0
Par: 110 2S-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
300		6.00	0.00	4♣	W	-3	-	1-Howard-Roberts	4-Gugick-Wood
140		4.50	1.50	2♠	S	+1	+1	8-Litman-Smith	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
140		4.50	1.50	2♠	S	+1	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
110		2.00	4.00	2♠	S		-	5-Fenton-Kroener	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		2.00	4.00	2♠	S		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	3-Sherman-Wood
110		2.00	4.00	2♠	S		-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	7-Erickson-Kucha
100		0.00	6.00	3♣	E	-1	-	3-Petering-Alexander	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

20

♠J865
♥87
♦QT82
♣KQJ

Dlr: West
Vul: Both

♠AKT742
♥Q9
♦7
♣7652

♠Q
♥J54
♦AKJ54
♣T943

♠93
♥AKT632
♦963
♣A8

	9
9		11
	11

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	5	6	7	5	7
South	4	6	7	4	7
East	8	6	5	7	6
West	8	6	5	7	6

LoTT: 15 - 16 = -1
Par: -90 2C-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
200		5.50	0.50	3♥	W	-2	-2	8-Litman-Smith	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
200		5.50	0.50	3♠	W	-2	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
100		4.00	2.00	2♠	W	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	7-Erickson-Kucha
	100	2.50	3.50	3♥	S	-1	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	5-Jirgel-Martin
	100	2.50	3.50	3♥	S	-1	+1	1-Howard-Roberts	4-Gugick-Wood
	110	1.00	5.00	2♠	W		-1	3-Petering-Alexander	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	200	0.00	6.00	3♥	S	-2	-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

21

♠J75
♥AK3
♦6
♣JT9754

Dlr: North
Vul: N-S

♠AK42
♥Q4
♦T82
♣A863

♠T96
♥J865
♦KQJ3
♣K2

♠Q83
♥T972
♦A9754
♣Q

	9
13		10
	8

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	8	5	6	5	5
South	8	5	6	5	5
East	5	8	6	7	7
West	5	8	6	7	7

LoTT: 16 - 14 = 2
Par: -90 2D-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
90		6.00	0.00	2♣	N		-	3-Petering-Alexander	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
50		4.50	1.50	3N	E	-1	-1	5-Fenton-Kroener	4-Gugick-Wood
50		4.50	1.50	1♠	W	-1	+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	5-Jirgel-Martin
	120	1.50	4.50	1N	E	+1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	120	1.50	4.50	1N	E	+1	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	120	1.50	4.50	1N	E	+1	-1	1-Howard-Roberts	3-Sherman-Wood
	120	1.50	4.50	1N	E	+1	-1	8-Litman-Smith	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

22

♠J7652
♥2
♦T62
♣AJT5

Dlr: East
Vul: E-W

♠4
♥A543
♦A74
♣Q9832

♠AKT3
♥KT8
♦KJ53
♣K6

♠Q98
♥QJ976
♦Q98
♣74

	6
10		17
	7

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	4	3	4	5	4
South	4	3	4	5	4
East	9	9	9	8	9
West	9	9	9	7	8

LoTT: 14 - 15 = -1
Par: -600 3N-W

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
100		6.00	0.00	3N	E	-1	+1	3-Petering-Alexander	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	150	5.00	1.00	2N	E	+1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	5-Jirgel-Martin
	600	2.50	3.50	3N	E		-	5-Fenton-Kroener	4-Gugick-Wood
	600	2.50	3.50	3N	E		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	600	2.50	3.50	3N	W		-1	1-Howard-Roberts	3-Sherman-Wood
	600	2.50	3.50	3N	E		-	8-Litman-Smith	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	630	0.00	6.00	3N	E	+1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

23

♠A2
♥KQJ754
♦-
♣AT854

Dlr: South
Vul: Both

♠97654
♥-
♦J964
♣KJ97

♠Q3
♥T9862
♦KQ3
♣Q62

♠KJT8
♥A3
♦AT8752
♣3

	14
5		9
	12

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	9	9	11	8	10
South	9	10	11	8	10
East	3	3	2	4	2
West	3	3	2	4	2

LoTT: 15 - 15 = 0
Par: 650 5H-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
680		6.00	0.00	4♥	N	+2	+1	6-Kell-Goss	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
650		4.50	1.50	4♥	N	+1	-	1-Howard-Roberts	3-Sherman-Wood
650		4.50	1.50	4♥	S	+1	-	8-Litman-Smith	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
630		2.50	3.50	3N	S	+1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	4-Gugick-Wood
630		2.50	3.50	3N	N	+1	-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
620		1.00	5.00	4♥	N		-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	5-Jirgel-Martin
200		0.00	6.00	2♥	N	+3	-	3-Petering-Alexander	8-Dearborn-Dearborn

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

24

♠T65
♥AK642
♦QJ543
♣-

Dlr: West
Vul: None

♠KQ84
♥T5
♦876
♣K874

♠A973
♥QJ87
♦2
♣T932

♠J2
♥93
♦AKT9
♣AQJ65

	10
8		7
	15

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	7	11	9	5	8
South	7	11	9	5	8
East	5	1	3	6	5
West	6	1	4	7	5

LoTT: 18 - 17 = 1
Par: 400 5D-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
420		5.50	0.50	5♦	N	+1	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	4-Gugick-Wood
420		5.50	0.50	5♦	N	+1	+1	8-Litman-Smith	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
400		3.00	3.00	5♦	S		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
400		3.00	3.00	3N	N		+1	3-Petering-Alexander	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
400		3.00	3.00	5♦	N		-	1-Howard-Roberts	3-Sherman-Wood
	50	0.50	5.50	4♥	N	-1	-	6-Kell-Goss	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	50	0.50	5.50	5♦	N	-1	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	5-Jirgel-Martin

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

25

♠KT86
♥AKT97
♦J4
♣93

Dlr: North
Vul: E-W

♠AQ7
♥J4
♦T753
♣KQT7

♠942
♥863
♦AK6
♣J642

♠J53
♥Q52
♦Q982
♣A85

	11
12		8
	9

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	7	9	9	7
South	6	7	9	9	7
East	7	6	4	4	4
West	7	6	4	4	5

LoTT: 16 - 16 = 0
Par: 140 3S-NS/3H-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
300		6.00	0.00	4♦	W	-3	-1	1-Howard-Roberts	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
170		4.50	1.50	2♥	N	+2	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	7-Erickson-Kucha
170		4.50	1.50	3♥	N	+1	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	3-Sherman-Wood
140		2.50	3.50	3♥	N		-	6-Kell-Goss	5-Jirgel-Martin
140		2.50	3.50	3♥	N		-	3-Petering-Alexander	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
100		1.00	5.00	3♣	W	-1	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr
	50	0.00	6.00	3♥	N	-1	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	4-Gugick-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

26

♠987
♥AJ
♦9875
♣Q986

Dlr: East
Vul: Both

♠Q653
♥K6
♦QJT3
♣A43

♠T42
♥Q7532
♦A42
♣KJ

♠AKJ
♥T984
♦K6
♣T752

	7
12		10
	11

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	7	5	6	4	6
South	7	5	6	5	6
East	5	8	7	7	7
West	5	8	7	7	7

LoTT: 15 - 15 = 0
Par: -90 1N-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
300		6.00	0.00	3N	W	-3	+1	7-Cleary-Cleary	7-Erickson-Kucha
100		4.00	2.00	1N	E	-1	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	3-Sherman-Wood
100		4.00	2.00	2N	W	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	4-Gugick-Wood
100		4.00	2.00	2♣	E	-1	-2	1-Howard-Roberts	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	90	2.00	4.00	1N	W		-	3-Petering-Alexander	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	120	0.50	5.50	1N	W	+1	-1	6-Kell-Goss	5-Jirgel-Martin
	120	0.50	5.50	2N	W		-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

27

♠T32
♥976
♦A5
♣KQ864

Dlr: South
Vul: None

♠KJ7
♥AKQ52
♦K97
♣93

♠Q854
♥J43
♦JT842
♣T

♠A96
♥T8
♦Q63
♣AJ752

	9
16		4
	11

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	8	3	3	4	7
South	8	3	3	4	7
East	5	9	9	8	6
West	5	9	9	8	6

LoTT: 17 - 18 = -1
Par: -140 3H-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
110		6.00	0.00	2♣	S	+1	+1	6-Kell-Goss	5-Jirgel-Martin
50		4.00	2.00	1N	W	-1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	7-Erickson-Kucha
50		4.00	2.00	1N	W	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	4-Gugick-Wood
50		4.00	2.00	1N	W	-1	-	1-Howard-Roberts	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	140	1.50	4.50	1♥	W	+2	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	3-Sherman-Wood
	140	1.50	4.50	2♥	W	+1	-	3-Petering-Alexander	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	200	0.00	6.00	3♥	W	+2	-2	4-Gallagher-Nadler	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

28

♠AK63
♥5
♦8763
♣AQ73

Dlr: West
Vul: N-S

♠J74
♥J742
♦J95
♣J42

♠QT2
♥T98
♦KQT4
♣K96

♠985
♥AKQ63
♦A2
♣T85

	13
4		10
	13

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	10	8	9	9	8
South	10	8	9	9	8
East	3	4	4	4	5
West	3	4	4	4	5

LoTT: 14 - 14 = 0
Par: 140 3S-NS/3H-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
620		6.00	0.00	4♥	S		+1	1-Howard-Roberts	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
600		5.00	1.00	3N	S		+1	6-Kell-Goss	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		4.00	2.00	3♣	N		-1	7-Cleary-Cleary	7-Erickson-Kucha
	100	2.00	4.00	3N	N	-1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	2.00	4.00	2N	S	-1	-1	3-Petering-Alexander	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	100	2.00	4.00	3♥	S	-1	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	4-Gugick-Wood
	200	0.00	6.00	3N	N	-2	-1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	1-Sharron-Sharron Jr

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

29

♠KQJ
♥J852
♦KQJ43
♣8

Dlr: North
Vul: Both

♠A
♥QT43
♦T8
♣KQT976

♠987643
♥K6
♦A5
♣J42

♠T52
♥A97
♦9762
♣A53

	13
11		8
	8

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	3	8	7	6	6
South	3	8	7	6	6
East	9	3	6	7	5
West	9	3	6	7	5

LoTT: 17 - 18 = -1
Par: -110 3C-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
130		6.00	0.00	3♦	N	+1	+2	8-Litman-Smith	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
110		4.00	2.00	2♦	N	+1	+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	7-Erickson-Kucha
110		4.00	2.00	2♦	N	+1	+1	3-Petering-Alexander	5-Jirgel-Martin
110		4.00	2.00	3♦	N		+1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	3-Sherman-Wood
	100	1.00	5.00	1N	S	-1	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	100	1.00	5.00	3♦	N	-1	-	6-Kell-Goss	4-Gugick-Wood
	100	1.00	5.00	1N	S	-1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	2-Joerger-Kalabsa

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

30

♠9874
♥87
♦AK643
♣96

Dlr: East
Vul: None

♠AT6
♥QJ9
♦Q975
♣A72

♠K53
♥AK52
♦2
♣QT543

♠QJ2
♥T643
♦JT8
♣KJ8

	7
13		12
	8

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	3	7	4	5	5
South	3	7	4	5	5
East	10	6	9	8	8
West	10	6	9	7	8

LoTT: 17 - 16 = 1
Par: -140 3H-EW

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
100		5.50	0.50	3N	W	-2	+1	6-Kell-Goss	4-Gugick-Wood
100		5.50	0.50	3N	W	-2	+1	4-Gallagher-Nadler	7-Erickson-Kucha
50		3.50	2.50	3N	W	-1	-	5-Fenton-Kroener	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
50		3.50	2.50	3N	W	-1	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	3-Sherman-Wood
	150	2.00	4.00	2♥	S	-3	+1	8-Litman-Smith	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
	400	0.50	5.50	3N	W		-1	7-Cleary-Cleary	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	400	0.50	5.50	3N	W		-1	3-Petering-Alexander	5-Jirgel-Martin

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

31

♠JT3
♥AQ3
♦86
♣AQJ43

Dlr: South
Vul: N-S

♠KQ9764
♥6
♦QT2
♣986

♠5
♥KJT754
♦A754
♣K5

♠A82
♥982
♦KJ93
♣T72

	14
7		11
	8

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	8	5	5	5	7
South	8	6	5	5	7
East	5	7	7	7	5
West	5	7	7	7	5

LoTT: 15 - 15 = 0
Par: 90 1N-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
150		6.00	0.00	3N	E	-3	-1	3-Petering-Alexander	5-Jirgel-Martin
100		5.00	1.00	2♠	W	-2	+1	8-Litman-Smith	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
50		4.00	2.00	3♠	W	-1	-1	7-Cleary-Cleary	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
	100	3.00	3.00	3♣	N	-1	-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	7-Erickson-Kucha
	140	2.00	4.00	3♥	E		-2	6-Kell-Goss	4-Gugick-Wood
	200	0.50	5.50	3♣	N	-2	-1	5-Fenton-Kroener	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
	200	0.50	5.50	3♣	N	-2	-1	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.

32

♠AT64
♥A
♦QJT53
♣T87

Dlr: West
Vul: E-W

♠753
♥9653
♦K42
♣654

♠J9
♥82
♦A986
♣AKQJ3

♠KQ82
♥KQJT74
♦7
♣92

	11
3		15
	11

Double Dummy Makes

	♣	♦	♥	♠	NT
North	6	7	10	10	6
South	6	7	10	10	6
East	7	5	3	2	3
West	7	5	3	2	3

LoTT: 17 - 16 = 1
Par: 420 4S-NS/4H-NS

N-S	E-W	N-S	E-W	Contract			ETF	N-S	E-W
450		6.00	0.00	4♠	N	+1	+1	5-Fenton-Kroener	2-Joerger-Kalabsa
420		4.50	1.50	4♠	N		-	8-Litman-Smith	8-Dearborn-Dearborn
420		4.50	1.50	4♠	N		-	4-Gallagher-Nadler	7-Erickson-Kucha
170		1.50	4.50	2♥	S	+2	-	7-Cleary-Cleary	6-Goldfarb-Gogolewski
170		1.50	4.50	3♥	S	+1	-	6-Kell-Goss	4-Gugick-Wood
170		1.50	4.50	2♥	S	+2	-	3-Petering-Alexander	5-Jirgel-Martin
170		1.50	4.50	2♥	S	+2	-	2-Sullivan-McWhorter	3-Sherman-Wood

ETF: Extra Trick Factor: Number of tricks that N-S achieved relative to the Double Dummy expectations.